Mat Leem, Baksha, Toisan

Where did King Mar come from?  

First: the language and spelling:
The majority of Chinese who came to North America (U.S. and Canada) came primarily from the Toisan region, southwest of Guangdong (Canton).  The nearest city was Baksha and the actual village according to my Dad was Mat Leem.  There are many ways to spell these location names as immigrants did their best to translate into English.  So, if you come across other writings, if the name seems close in spelling, it's probably what you're looking for. 

Kim has visited the home village and so had my friend Eddie Wong.  And from others, they all had the same impression.  They agreed it's a tough place to visit as there's pressure that you owe the people in the village to support (financial) them.



King Mar's home:

1: King went back to Baksha in 1936 after working several years managing the Pan American Cafe. 
This is what he came home to - fairly new in 1936.

  

I always wondered what the back of the house was like and this angled side view shows a nice looking park-garden area behind.  Maybe a cemetery?  On the left is the scaffolding around Junior Mar's house (to Ken and Kim: our Ngee Bok).  This photo was a small print (2x3) in a folder and I've never seen it in any album.

Dad (Chin Wee) drew this map for me of the area around King's house from memory in 1995.

King was an avid amateur photographer and he was already at in 1936.  Compare this shot with Dad's map.

 And another shot probably from the same day, or certainly in 1936:

 Kim visited Baksha in 1985 and took this picture.

As I comment on these old photos, I welcome any comments or corrections.

Tyler, Texas Connections

I just read a book Kim gave me years ago, signed by the author, Julian MarDock.  The book "The First of Many" - the story of his Dad, Sam MarDock, and their family.  And a connection to the Mar/Wees of Wichita.  On the cover is a family tree created by King Mar (in Chinese, but notice the English names).  Three generations before King and Sam have a common ancestor.  It's a good read to learn more about our extended family and Chinese-American life in Texas.

China Motor Corporation, 1947

In the folder of King Mar's letters was a 1946 pamphlet for the China Motor Corporation (CMC) which was located in Linden, New Jersey. Don't know how much interest King had in the company. 

The pamphlet is mostly in Chinese with the English text at the "back" of the booklet.  Chinese books  open with the spine on the right, so to English readers the first page they saw was China Motor Corporation - Its Purpose and Function.

CMC was the first Chinese machinery manufacturing and sales organization in the U.S. One purpose was to adapt American war surplus equipment for use in China, and another was to serve as an overseas base for the development of Chinese industries.  China was an ally during the Second World War in the fight against Japan.  In my parents house hung a portrait of Chang Kai-shek, the leader of the pro-US Nationalist China was symbolic of their support for a non Communist China.  When Mao Tse-tung won the battle for control of China, U.S. relations with China changed.

Cheung Tsui Tai Comes to America -1957

Today I'm deviating from my project to publish the correspondences between Granddad (King Mar) and Wichita friends in 1936 and reprinting the 1957 story of King bringing his mother to Wichita from China. The home village of Baksha is reported as Paksha, the Toisan region is spelled Toy shun in the article. Today Baksha, Toisan is translated as Baisha, Taishan.

May 1, 1936 C B Edwards letter to King

I've been meaning to reprint letters and memorabilia from a folder that my grandfather King Mar had.  It has a lot of interesting items mostly from 1936.  This is the first offering - a letter from C B Edwards (4th national Bank) to King while he was back in China and gives us a glimpse of life in Wichita in 1936.  King was a respected businessman in Wichita and was one of the owners of the Pan American Cafe in downtown Wichita.  His accounts were with the 4th National Bank.  I will have another installment within a week.

                                                                                                          May 1, 1936

Mar King,

Canton, China

Hello King – hope you are OK. I was glad to hear from you and it was nice for you to send me the 10¢ and 20¢ bills they are very interesting and pretty.  Thanks very much.

Things are about the same here.   Business is fairly good but we need some rain.  I have been going to picture shows here on Thursday nights – the(y) run what you call Bank Night – you know – someone gets 75.00 if their name is drawn.  If they are not there the money is held over till next Thursday.  It is now 300.00 and on one has got it yet.  Guess I’ll win so you can get new Plymouth Automobile.
Mr. Droll of Drolls Eating House in Miller Bldg. is very sick – think you know him.  The Street Car Company has torn up all tracks and use only busses.   They bring in more money so If you were here you half to wait longer for your change.
There is a lot of talk of Gov. Landon of Kansas running against Roosevelt for Prest. Of U.S.A.  I don’t think they can beat Roosevelt this time.  The Rep. Party did not do enough when they had a chance.

Well King there is not much news  -  things are about the same.

Your friend

                                                                                                  C B Edwards
                                                                                                          4^th Nat’l Bank
                                                                                                          Wichita
                                                                                                              Kans

Mar 21, 2020 Lexington Lake O Training

Mom and Dad (Chin Wee and Yim Wong) married May 24, 1936 (revised 4/9/2020, Mom was born Dec 1918, Dad's dob: Feb 1919). 
Here's a photo of them with Chin's parents, King and Suzon Mar, along with King's mother, Cheung Tsui Tai.  Back in the old country in Baksha, China.  We are Toisanese, i.e. Southerners.  Not Mandarin Chinese speakers. The photo may have been taken Dec 1937; King was pretty good at recording photo dates.

Here's how my Dad and Granddad looked in 1942, right after Dad enlisted in the US Army after Pearl Harbor.

This is a photo of King Mar with his mother Cheung Tsui Tai and his wife Suzon taken in 1936 outside their home in Baksha, China.  I will start posting more about my family.

Octoginta 50: 1974 interview with the Sulankes

2019 is the 50th anniversary of the Octoginta.  It started in 1969 with the Sulankes (Joyce and Bob) wanting to have a fall ride that wasn't a century.  Here's the interview from 1974.

 

Convergences in a weekend:

1. lunched w/ ol' KU buddy Perry Sprague - ate at the Tokyo Restaurant which was originally my Dad's SIlver Dragon 50 years ago.

 

2. Dinner with KU track teammates Steve Rangel and Drew Hamilton and got the photo book we created of the KU track team years between 1965 -1969. We hope to share the book with more alums t the Kansas Relays.

 

3. Raquel Stucky introduced me to Michael Langston the race director of the Chisholm Trail Marathon & HM. What a great event. Course design by Trevor Darmstetter. Douglas Ave. has posted special street signs labeling Douglas as the Chisholm Trail. 

 

4. Saw Wichita from a tourist's eyes at the same time reminiscing the old places I grew up in and around. Going by St Anthony's Church, a few blocks away from where I grew up,m reminded me of Sarah Smarsh's book (Heartland) and life along 1st and 2nd streets. In contrast, Forest Hills neighborhood was really nice.

 

5. Had a great time meeting people at the Chisholm Trail Run. Came out of my shell and chatted with runners from North Carolina, Idaho, El Paso and throughout Missouri and Kansas. Managed to finish the HM just a tad over 2 hours - without cramping!

 

6. Checked off my bucket list - stayed at the Broadview Hotel. It was a place I admired growing up but never went in. Bonus, the HM start was just outside the front door.

 

June 15, 2017 Window O Training

Window O Training in the June 3, 2017 Super Challenge map.    Assumed the course was going to be similar to the Sprint O, so mistook Pt 1 as the start and looked at going to Pt 2 (with my vast knowledge of the campus map, assumed it was somewhere on the NW side of Nichols Hall).  When things didn't match up, recognized the 4 trees at the SW corner of Youngberg Hall.

Good training - you can learn from mistakes (that's a theory).

My route at the Bing-O  (Ft Leavenworth Adventure Series), Apr 1, 2017

Burr Oak long course, Mar 11, 2017.  Sloppy run today.  Going to 2 - not paying attention to compass.  4 and 5, again not reading details around the control.  Snow during the run, temp: 34F, windy.

Day 2 Brown Course, NTOA Cooper Lake SP

Day 2 Brown Course, 3.3K.  ET: 45:03

Day 1 Brown Course, NTOA Cooper Lake SP

Day 1 Brown Course, 3.7K.  ET:43:49

2 Spooner Hall maps: O Training

July 3, 2016

Mary's KU Campus O - training run

June 15, 2016, 8:45 am, after Dog Days workout.  Error to #7, skipped last 2 controls.

Bing-O' at Ft Leavenworth

Nice workout at Ft Leavenworth (5/21/16).  Much longer than I expected and ended up walking much of the last part. Earned my Ft Lv Series bike jersey (5 events).  Fuzzy course map; Garmin Forerunner battery wasn't charged up.

16 Feb 24 O training - Clinton Overlook

Bike ride to Clinton Lake this morning.  Towards the end, rode to the upper parking lot at the east boat ramp (near marina) and saw a vulture flying overhead.  I mumbled, I'm old but not dead yet."  Then saw the other half dozen sitting at the top of the trees.  So this is the graveyard for old bike riders...

Create your own travel map - TravBuddy

My route at the Knob Noster 3 Hour Score O, on Feb 14, 2015.

O Training at Riverfront Park - Feb 6, 2015

O Training at Riverfront Park - Feb 6, 2015

With temperatures expected to be in the 70s, went out this morning to Woodridge to do a timed run on the TRIM course.  It was already 45F by 10 am.  Woods were rough and tripped a lot on the branches on the ground.

Jan 24 (2015) Night O

My route from the Night O at Clinton Lake Overlook Park, Sat, Jan 24 (2015).  Route includes time after I crossed the finish line; another forgetful moment using a Forerunner.

Workout at Rockhaven East (south side of Clinton Laske), Jan 14, 2015.

My route from the score O' at Shawnee Mission Park (Sun, Jan 11, 2015)

Rockcrusher O - New Year's Day 2015

Jan 1, 2015 - first orienteering event was at the Rockcrusher Area at Clinton Lake.  Here's my route.

Mar 28, 2014 E Fleming O' Meet

My route from the East Fleming Park, Lake Jacomo Meet, March 29, 2014.  Not a clean run, but I wanted to race it hard and got lucky to take first on the Red course.

My first orienteering meets - 1976

I first orienteered at Camp Bromelsick (Boy Scout Camp at Clinton Lake before there was a Clinton Lake) as a class outing in George McCleary's cartography 101 course in the fall 1976.  Don't have the map.
George drew up a better black & white map of Shawnee Mission Park than the USGS photocopy PTOC was using (or was it the Johnson County Outdoor Society?).  He did this in the middle of a geography faculty meeting.  It was a more accurate map for the Nov 21, 1976 meet.  George's cartography students and his Cub Scouts did better than the KU ROTC guys using the USGS reprint.  I copied the course from the master map in pencil (off to the right at shelter #2 on Small Lakes Rd).

Sam Mar Wee 1954-2012

My brother, Sam Mar Wee, passed away November 14, 2012. 
This is a slideshow of Sam from several family photo albums
created by our youngest brother, Kim.  

Saved kitten from road side

Saved kitten in a pocket.
Dee, Grover Everett & I were biking this morning on the path near 6th & Geo Williams Way & found these two kittens abandoned along the highway. The 1st gray kitten was willing to stay in my back pocket until we got to the corner and called Grover's wife, Carolyn to come by with the car. Headed out again and heard meowing in the same spot and found "whitey" who wouldn't stay in a jersey pocket. Called Carolyn for help. Both kittens are doing fine now and have been adopted by friends of the Everetts.
They're about 4 weeks. Cruel people in this world; they wouldn't have lasted long in the heat, to say nothing of wandering out onto Highway 40.

Psycho Wyco 2011

2011 Psycho Wyco

Snow packed with 6 inches of snow at the start then snow packed trails the rest of the way. Map attached. Ended up finishing in 2 hrs 8 min. Slower than last year.

Gateway Runt (Mar 7, 10

Map from the Gateway Runt (shorter than the Grunt) - 9.5k if you went to all the controls. You were allowed to skip one and chose #13. Bad, bad error to 4.

Mar 6, '10 Hawn Green Route

My first Quick Route map: Green course at Hawn SP.

mizzou.us

The Journal-World today reported that if you go to www.mizzou.us, you get to another website. "Word of the switch reached the Mizzou Alumni Association (www.Mizzou.com) Monday afternoon, drawing a few expressions of surprise, disappointment and, perhaps, maybe a little envy."
Going to be a fun year. . .

Hmong Haiku

A Hmong then two Hmongs
A Hmong among many Hmongs
Minneapolis

(composed before seeing Clint Eastwood's Gran Torino.
OK - "Detroit, Michigan" instead of Minneapolis)

My Univ of Kansas orienteers?

I came across the Vulcan O' Club's Orienteering Workbook (2004) with a reference to the KU Champs on page 9:


The Sport Evolves
After fading away around 1971-72, West Point orienteering was rejuvenated in 1975 by U.S. Army orienteering founder Bud Fish. The cadets have dominated U.S. intercollegiate competition from 1978 to the present except for 1983-85 when Gene Wee's University of Kansas orienteers won. Bill Gookin has been an orienteering organizer in the San Diego area since 1969. The San Francisco Bay area club with the leadership of Joe Scarborough and the clubs around the Seattle, Washington, area grew rapidly as the top western orienteering areas in the 1980's. . .



I assembled the runners and they did all the work. . . Many are still OK members 25 years later. Maybe KU in some other sport can win a national championship this weekend down south. . .

Camp Prairie Schooner (Sept 16, 07)

Sunday - day 2 - got the chills the night before and almost missed this one. Slow start and didn't have a great plan on route selection. At gun, thought either 3 or 2 would be a good starting point; opted for 2, got crowded at 1, so I skipped (why?) 1 figuring I might not finish the course and call it quits about 30 min. Anyway, Larry Rink missed the turn to go to 15, so Paul Clatterbuck and I headed north to 15, then Larry zoomed by us. I couldn't keep up with either of them and decided picking up 16 would save me the climb later (west to 16, then retraced steps to trail to 15, then almost missed the faint trail to get to 21. Area is very reminiscent of Camp Naish with faint trails, clusters of hue rocks broken off from outcrop lines; lots of campsite pads and small buildings. Mary Jones left 21 before I did on her way to 24. I was trying to slide up to 18, but ended up verring on to the trail to 24; then up to 18, 23, 14, 19, up 13, trail to 20, 8, 11, followed Kelly Sumner to 10, then 17, then on way to 22 saw the stupidity in getting 17 first, then fearing the darker green up from 17, took the trail by 10 and all the trails to 7. Then seeing I had a lot of time left to finish in under an hour, went to 9 (clearly botched the route choices), then 6, 5, 4, 3, and 1.

49:11. 3rd. OK for a sicky.

Harrisonville Score O

Having only entered 2 O' meets last season, the 2007 season started off with 2 event the same weekend (Sept 15-16). The Jerry Tabb Road Trip Orienteering Event was held at the Harrisonville (MO) city park - a 1:7500 map made by Kelly Sumner - and the event was listed as not a PTOC event, so refreshing to have a new meet director and event sponsor.

My route: 24-23-22-21-18, then wanted to go to 20, but made a parallel error going to 19, then headed east like I was leaving 20 for 19. Mucked around before figuring out the problem. Then continued: 20-19-17-16-14-13-12-11-10-9, ran back to 5, then was sloppy and missed 6 and 7, so headed to 8, then picked up 7-6-4-3-2-1.

Lee's Eighth Promise

Reading William Poy Lee's Eighth Promise. Lee is a Toisan-American and the similarities of his growing up experiences, even though he was in San Francisco and I in Wichita, are more than our differences.
Toisan perceived by many as the hick dialect of Chinese - yea.
Herbal soups were a battle ground with my Mom, too.
I could figure out most of his romanized Toisan words; this is digging back to 50-year ago.
He's had more success in blossoming into a lawyer, activist and writer. Is the Toisan roots that important for every Toisan-American to get his act together?
Would a visit to the home village be enlightening or as some who've gone back, a trial of grubby "relatives" demanding tribute to those you suffered and did not get away?

Upscale Indian Restaurants

The NY Times reported on a few upscale Indian Restaurants in London and mentioned Hot Stuff as a great less pricey traditional small establishment to try.

Psycho Wyco - Runners with Loose Screws?

Are they crazy to run on icy trails on the hills at Wyandotte County Lake Park? The event name is Psycho Wyco. The sponsors are the Kansas City Trail Nerds. Trail running is catching on around the country and the Feb 10th event proved these die hard serious, fun runners know what they're doing.

Loose screws? If you were doing the 50K (3 lap) race and came into the first lap aid station, you may have lost your screws. The ones on the bottom of your shoes. Trail Nerds had been heralding this simple fix to fight the icy trail conditions all winter. At the aid station like any horse out for a long run, you need to be reshod. A team of volunteers with power drills and ample supply of ammo "screwed" any runner's shoe in need of a fix.

This created the miracle on ice - traction on a sloped skating rink. But there were plenty of falls - some harder than others.

For Lawrencians, Psycho Wyco's aid station support is like an Octoginta for trail runners. A a laid-back attitude, along with serious prep (screws), good food and great support crews - all make this event your should put on your calendars for next year.

Christmas and music

Christmas Day - There was a nice TV documentary on the Mormon Tabernacle Choir. It HAS been along time since I was in a choir. They sang the Battle Hymn of the Republic (the Gould arrangement) - how I liked that piece! These days it is hard to carry a tune. But, like riding a bicycle I hope you don't forget and some day, given the opportunity, I can sing in a chorus. One of the latter songs on the program was "Come, Thou Fount of Every Blessing". Mom used to sing that and is a favorite hymn of mine. I thought it was of Scottish background, but is an American melody (Shaker?).
Anyway, it brought back memories of Mom, Don my brother who loved to sing, my youth and a past now long ago.
It was nice to reminisce.

Accessing blogger account

Had trouble logging into the blogger account the past week. Things have been messy ever since trying to use Internet Explorer 7. Went back to 6.0, but still some problems.

Sample Map of Dec 2 Sprint O

This is just a test to see if the map we're making for the Dec 2nd O' on Mt. O' reproduces OK. This should be a fun meet and any KU Alumnus will be pleasantly surprised what the campus has to make for an interesting course. Final scale will be either 1:4000 or 1:5000.

30 years of O' at Clinton State Park

March 7, 1977 - that's when Paul Jordan and I hosted a PTOC meet at Clinton State Park - or whatever it was called before the water filled up Clinton Lake (reservoir). We had a training workout today - I just hung streamers and Mary Jones, Dick Neuburger, Fritz Menninger, Eric Saggars and one more KC guy ran the course. We also had a Jr ROTC group from Manhattan, KS doing the beginner's course. About 13 people total. I might send a copy of my Randolph Park map so the Manhattanites can orienteer closer to home. My first time at the Randolph Park Area was the O' meet Dale Bryant (KSU O'Club) on Mar 26, '77.
The Lake Henry map used today is out-of-date with vague treelines, vague line of outcrops and missing trees in open areas. Hope the runners managed to cope with the fuzziness.

You are My Sunshine. . .

Listening to Prairie Home Companion this morning, the Wailin Jennys, Garrison plus Bonnie Raitt sang "You are My Sunshine." Beautifully done. Growing up in Wichita I got to see Gene Autry at a rodeo at the old Lawrence Stadium. That seemed to be his signature song. . . can't remember if he sang at the rodeo.

Music was a big part of my youth - church choir, church bell choir, violin and orchestra (4th to 7th grade), junior high choruses. As much as I liked to reminisce about "You are My Sunshine" I can't carry a tune any more. But I'm out of practice. My brother Don sure liked to sing. I miss his enthusiasm to respond with a song to questions.

NBA's Notwitzki & fencing & Naismith

According to the AP story today, Dirk Nowitzki of the Dallas Mavericks got his speed as a big man partially from some footwork with fencers recommended by his basketball coach. That reminded me that the inventor of basketball was also a a fencer and fencing instructor. Here's a photo (from 1926) of James Naismith with some of his students at KU. The footwork helps the fencer score - she or he needs only a touch and not a millimeter more to score - the exact distance improves your chances to score.

a turkey vulture's wind tunnel

I was out on a morning bike ride to Clinton Lake. At the far west end before the boat ramps is a nice gradual descent between the trees. A turkey vulture came in over my head about 15 ft up and soared above me for quite a ways keeping pace just ahead of me (half-wheeling me?). Staying just below the tree tops, the road must be sort of a wind tunnel where this bird was catching a good draft.

The Pan American: to be (served) or not to be

Just finished Wayne's book. Curious to see what Kim thinks of the story as he made contributions to facts about the Pan American Cafe. Nice photo of a Pan American lunch crowd in the book, with grandpa (King Mar) serving customers behind the counter. I need to dig up a good photo of the apartments that were above Pan American (150 N Market, my first home address. Mom and Dad and I lived there my first year).

Wayne mentioned that blacks were served in the back. I remember the sign in front by the counter, "We reserve the right to refuse service to anyone." A common sign back them to keep blacks out. The Pan American customers were mostly whites on a business lunch or between work as the book mentions the boom days of the El Dorado oil fields and the aircraft industry. The Chinese population in Wichita of 0.1 % made it nearly invisible and no race relations can be made if you don't see someone to interact. I always wondered if that sign would come back and bite the Pan American owners and cooks.

Still, it was a black and white society right up to the 60s.
I got two traffic tickets about 6th grade - once I was labeled white, then second time Dad was amused see I was labeled black. And then Sam as a high school student leader had to deal with the race riots. Mom and Dad mentioned to me Sam agonized on his proper role and reponse. Do you see i from the black perspective; from the white view? Wichita was still in the B&W TV mode and had yet to discover NBC's Wonderful World of Color. This was a few years before the 1998 movie, "Pleasantville" posing the possibilities of life beyond black and white.

Wayne's World of Wichita

During my lunch break, I happen to walk by the Asian-American History section in the Oread Books (shop) at the Kansas Union. On the top shelf was American Paper Son: A Chinese Immigrant in the Midwest, by Wayne Hung Wong. I was thinking, this can't be the Wayne Wong that my brother, Kim, and my Dad talked about years ago. Then, looking at the photo pages, the pictures sure looked like our family albums. Then, there was a shot of the Pan American Cafe - the downtown restaurant I grew up in and owned (partly) by my granddad, King Mar.

Info on the book is available from the Univ of Illinois Press. I always thought it would be nice to see an account of the Chinese in Wichita. I'm glad Wayne and others with the talent and resources assembled the story.

The photo shows the Pan American (circa 1950).

Bike Race at Perry Lake

Here's the peleton on the Ferguson Road (crossing the Slough Creek bridge). Dee and I were there partly to catch the racers on the steepest hill - nothing to bother most of the riders. A national championship event in the Lawrence area is a long ways from the big packs of 12 guys in tne 70s training on these hills. Riders from ALL OVER! Will catch the downtown criterium tomorrow.

TioMila video from France

I happen to come across this video of the Tiomila Relay last weekend (Apr 30, 2006) and also posted it in the runLawrence web page - partly because I'm intrigued by these net video productions and partly to share the excitement of team orienteering events. After viewing it a couple of times, I finally read the results scores posted with the video and figured out the three guys that anchored had a super race to the finish - seconds apart. But Halden wins - again.

Raintree Run

I wanted to get a nice photo of this year's Raintree Run, but did not want to repeat the overhead shot looking down on the line of runners. Well at the same spot, I took this photo of Vincent Topiwo with the rocky wall in the background. Are we still in Kansas or does this have a foreign feel?

Storm damage and Udall

The following were the top three news releases from KU today. The first two refer to the recent storm damages. While it's nice that three students are being considered for the Udall scholarships, Udall has a special meaning to Kansans and in particular those from the Wichita Area. A very bad tornado disaster truck Udall (near Wichita) in the 1950s. There probably wasn't a bigger tornado disaster story until Topeka was hit in the mid 60s.

* Force of microburst wind pressures wrought havoc on KU campus roofs; Damage assessment on March 12 storm
http://www.news.ku.edu/2006/march/16/damage.shtml
The competing negative and positive wind pressures lifted roofing materials, in some cases tearing them off and in others slamming the roofs back down.

Media Advisory: KU officials to discuss storm damage, cleanup
When: 1:30 p.m. today
Where: Danforth Chapel, Jayhawk Boulevard and Lilac Lane
Who: Jim Modig, director of design and construction management, and Jim Long, vice provost for facilities management

* KU nominates three students for national Udall scholarship competition
http://www.news.ku.edu/2006/march/16/udall.shtml
The Morris K. Udall Foundation awards 80 scholarships nationally to students focused on careers related to the environment and to Native American and Alaska Natives planning careers in health care or tribal policy. HOMETOWNS: Overland Park and Salina, Kan.; Sioux Falls, S.D.; and Vancouver, British Columbia

Perception of effort in workouts

When posting my workouts in Attackpoint you're asked to rate your workout from1 to 5, 5 being the hardest. The plan was to run this morning doing 3x1.5 mi with half mile recoveries - at tempo. Years ago we sold a textbook inthe Union Bookstore, "Physics for Poets" - a text for non science majors, of course. I wonder if there are any real measurable standards to determine the workout effort. My formula is a 3 is for a training run, a 5 for a race and a 1 for warmups, or walking around an airport at a brisk pace. This morning, the "at tempo" is new enough to me in that I had to think a pace to keep than just "go out and run." The effort could have been more a 4; but there's the recovery which should rate a 1. So, it was 3 workout on my log. That's the poet's measurement.